American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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Which two monosaccharides make up sucrose?

  1. Glucose and galactose

  2. Glucose and fructose

  3. Glucose and glucose

  4. Fructose and galactose

The correct answer is: Glucose and fructose

Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of two specific monosaccharides: glucose and fructose. These two sugars are connected by a glycosidic bond, which is formed through a dehydration synthesis reaction, where a molecule of water is released. In the case of sucrose, glucose contributes a pyranose structure while fructose contributes a furanose structure. This combination results in the formation of the sugar known as sucrose, commonly found in many plants, particularly in sugarcane and sugar beets. Sucrose serves as an important source of energy in the diet and is often used as table sugar. Understanding the structure and composition of disaccharides like sucrose is fundamental for comprehending carbohydrate metabolism and their role in nutrition, making the identification of glucose and fructose as its components essential knowledge.

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