American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

Which attribute is critical for a systematic review to qualify as rigorous?

1. Using random sampling methods

2. Incorporating only quantitative studies

3. Following systematic data collection procedures

4. Relying on single participant case studies

The correct answer is: Following systematic data collection procedures

For a systematic review to be considered rigorous, following systematic data collection procedures is essential. This characteristic ensures that the review is conducted in a methodical and replicable manner, adhering to predefined protocols. It involves clearly defining the criteria for including or excluding studies, systematically searching for relevant literature, and performing a comprehensive synthesis of data. This structured approach minimizes bias and enhances the reliability of the results, contributing to the validity of the conclusions drawn from the review. Incorporating systematic data collection also facilitates transparency, as researchers must document their processes and rationale, allowing others to evaluate or replicate the review. Such rigor is central to producing trustworthy and informative evidence that can guide clinical practice and inform further research. Other options do not necessarily contribute to the systematic review's rigor. Using random sampling methods, for instance, is more pertinent to primary research studies rather than the synthesis of existing research. Focusing solely on quantitative studies may limit the breadth of information captured, as qualitative studies can offer valuable insights. Additionally, relying on single participant case studies does not align with the goal of a systematic review, which seeks to analyze a broader body of evidence rather than singular experiences.