American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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Prepare for the American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam with detailed quizzes. Study with flashcards and multiple-choice questions to master the ABS QE topics. Get all the hints and explanations you need to succeed on your first attempt!

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What is a common condition resulting from decreased selenium levels?

Diabetes
Cardiomyopathy
Anemia
Neuropathy

The correct answer is: Cardiomyopathy

Decreased selenium levels are closely associated with the development of cardiomyopathy, particularly a type known as Keshan disease. Selenium is an essential trace element that plays a critical role in various physiological processes, including antioxidant defense and the proper functioning of the immune system. It is integral to the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which helps protect cells from oxidative stress. When selenium levels are insufficient, the heart muscle can become damaged due to increased oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to dilated cardiomyopathy. This condition is characterized by the enlargement of the heart, reduced ability to pump blood, and symptoms of heart failure. Epidemiological studies in regions with low selenium soil content have confirmed a higher prevalence of this condition, further establishing the link between low selenium and cardiomyopathy. While other conditions like diabetes, anemia, and neuropathy can have complex etiologies and may relate to various nutrient deficiencies, selenium deficiency is predominantly recognized for its detrimental effects on heart health manifesting as cardiomyopathy.