American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

What does ERV stand for in lung terms?

1. Expiatory reserve volume

2. Exhalation reserve volume

3. Extra reserve volume

4. End-expiratory reserve volume

The correct answer is: Expiatory reserve volume

The correct term for ERV in lung physiology is "Expiratory Reserve Volume." This refers to the maximum amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after the expiration of a normal tidal volume. Understanding this concept is vital in respiratory physiology, as it helps to differentiate the various volumes of air in the lungs during different states of breathing. Expiratory Reserve Volume is an important measurement in pulmonary function tests and is utilized in assessing lung function and the presence of respiratory conditions. It provides insight into the reserve capacity of the lungs and is a critical component in calculating other lung volumes and capacities, such as Vital Capacity and Functional Residual Capacity. Other terms, while they may seem plausible, do not accurately match the established definition of ERV. For example, Exhalation Reserve Volume and Extra Reserve Volume are not standard terms used in respiratory physiology. End-expiratory reserve volume, though related, describes a different concept that pertains to lung volumes at the end of normal expiration, rather than the additional volume that can be exhaled. Recognizing the precise nomenclature in respiratory physiology is essential for accurate communication and understanding of lung function.